Comparison of oral and intravenous proton pump inhibitor in patients with high risk bleeding peptic ulcers

To compare the efficacy of oral omeprazole vs intravenous omeprazole in decreasing risk of re-bleeding in peptic ulcer patients. This prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial was conducted at Ghulam Mohammad Mahar Medical College Hospital, Sukkur, Pakistan from January 2010 to December 2011. One hindered and six patients with high risk peptic ulcer were randomized to receive either oral omeprazole [80mg BID for 3 days] or IV omeprazole [80mg bolus and 8mg/hour infusion for 3 days] followed by omeprazole [20mg each day for 30 days]. All patients underwent upper endoscopy and endoscopic therapy within 24 hours. Seventeen patients were excluded from the study. Forty four patients were randomly allocated into oral omeprazole group and 41 to IV omeprazole group. Both groups were similar for factors affecting the outcome. Bleeding reoccurred in five patients of oral omeprazole group and four patients in IV omeprazole group [11.4% vs 9.8%]. The mean hospital stay and blood transfusion were not different in both groups. Oral omeprazole and IV omeprazole had equal effects on prevention of re-bleeding after endoscopic therapy in patients with high risk bleeding peptic ulcers

Frequency of hepatitis D CO and super infection in hepatitis B patients

To determine the frequency of co/super infection of hepatitis D in patients with hepatitis B related liver disorders. Descriptive study. The hepatitis Centre Ghulam Mohammad Mahar Medical College Hospitals Sukkur and Khairpur, from January 2009 to December 2009. All patient registered for HBV associated infections were selected. Blood was drawn from 200 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Those with an incomplete test profile were excluded. All clinical conditions were investigated through liver function tests, coagulation profile, abdominal ultrasonography, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and liver biopsy. Liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC] were diagnosed either on the basis of histology, or on a combination of radiological, endoscopic and laboratory data. Hepatitis B virus DNA was extracted from serum by real time PCR. Descriptive statistics were used for frequency and mean determination. The 129 patients finally selected for statistical analysis included 108 [84%] males and 21 [16%] females. The ages ranged from 6-68 years [mean=31.5 +/- 12.39 years]. There were 70 [54.2%] patients of non-cirrhotic, chronic hepatitis [CLD], 38 [29.4%] carriers, 12 [9.3%] cirrhotic and 9 [6.9%] hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC] patients. Among the 129 patients, 45 [34.9%] were positive for double infection with HDV. These included 35 CLD cases, 7 cirrhotic and 3 carriers. The frequency of co/super infection of hepatitis D was found to be highest in HBV cirrhosis patients compared to patients having chronic liver disease [non-cirrhotics] and carriers

HER 2/NEU oncoprotein: a biomacker in human prostate cancer

To determine the frequencies of HER-2/neu overexpression in prostate adenocarcinoma. A retrospective study of 50 patients suffering from prostate adenocarcinoma. BMSI, Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Centre Karachi 1999-2001. Fifty patients between the ages of 50-80 years were selected during period 1990-2001 having prostate carcinoma. Maximum numbers of tumour among total cases were in age group ranging from 51-60 years i.e.13 tumours [26% of total cases]. Frequency of HER/2neu expression was found to be 12%. All the positive cases were poorly differentiated with Gleason score 8-10. HER-2/neu overexpression was present in 12% of prostatic adenocarcinoma cases. Specific therapeutic targeting of these neoplasms may be accomplished with [Herceptin], which may reveal a new treatment option